A current pet population survey revealed that 75% (41 million) of the pets in the United Sates is over six years of age.

Pets have an increased life expectancy primarily due to advances in veterinary medical care and nutrition, effective vaccinations, heartworm prevention programs and a lower incidence of traumatic injuries.  Dogs are puppies for 1 year but "seniors" for 4-8 years.  Smaller breeds of dogs live longer than larger breeds, and cats live longer than dogs.  The life span will vary with each individual. 

Periodontal disease  Inflammation of the teeth and gums may lead to pain, infection, tooth loss, bad breath, kidney and heart disease, and, as a result, decrease your pet's life expectancy.

Obesity   As your pet's metabolism slows down, weight gain can increase his or her risk of arthritis, spinal disc disease and diabetes.

Endocrine disease  Aging pets often experience changes in thyroid, pancreas (diabetes) and adrenal gland function that can negatively affect the heart, the digestive system, as well as the liver and kidney.

Kidney and liver disease Failure of these organs can lead to chemical imbalances, anemia, compromised immune function and blood clotting defects as well as altered mental capacity.  Kidney disease is a leading cause of death in cats and urinary accidents in dogs.

Heart Disease   Pets with heart disease can experience difficulty breathing, fatigue, exercise intolerance and lethargy.  Medications may help make your pet more comfortable and extend his life span.

Arthritis   Arthritic joints are not only painful, they make it difficult for your pet to climb stairs, run, or even jump into your lap.

Loss of Vision  Older animals are at risk for cataracts, glaucoma and nuclear sclerosis - a natural aging process that "clouds" the eye.

Cancer   Early detection may improve the prognosis.  Many treatments are available and most have very few side effects.

Behavior Changes  Pets suffering from canine Cognitive Syndrome may appear disoriented, forget their housetraining, sleep more and interact less with family members.  Mental changes are harder to recognize since they have such slow progression.

Exercise is another aspect of preventive senior care.  You should definitely keep them going as they get older - if they are cooped up or kept lying down, their bodies will deteriorate much more quickly.

What changes should you watch for if your senior pet is developing health care problems?

• Changes in food and water consumption
  
• Abnormal urination and defecation
  
• Weight changes
  
• Activity level changes
  
• Abnormal odors
  
• Skin lumps, masses, sores that do not heal
  
• Constant coughing, sneezing, vomiting or diarrhea.